Innovation or inhibition? Factors affecting student engagement with flexible assessment arrangements
– a multi-disciplinary perspective.
Abstract
There has been increasing interest in providing students with flexible learning opportunities in Higher Education – allowing students greater choice with respect to when, where and how they engage with course materials, as well as how they are assessed. However, studies reporting flexible assessment strategies and their impact across different modes of study remain limited with little emphasis placed on students’ perspectives on, and experiences of, the role they play in assessment processes and what they need to benefit from such practices. This paper draws upon research seeking to identify the key design and practice factors shaping student engagement with flexible assessment arrangements. The paper analysed students’ qualitative views of flexible assessment designs deployed on multiple undergraduate programmes (including Chemical Engineering, Interior Design, and Business Management). Inductive thematic analysis revealed several recurrent factors affecting students’ engagement with assessment arrangements, each including key enabling and inhibiting features for realising greater flexibility in student assessment experiences. Evidence of the most effective strategies for achieving flexible assessment arrangements are discussed including the utilisation of a variety of accessible and inclusive approaches, digital tools, and implementation of a balanced range of authentic assessment tasks enabling all students to engage meaningfully and demonstrate their learning.
Downloads
References
Advance HE (2019) Essential Frameworks for Enhancing Student Success. Accessed at: https://www.advance-he.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2020-05/Flexible%20Learning%20in%20Higher%20Education%20Framework.pdf.
Andrade, M. S., & Alden-Rivers, B. (2019). Developing a framework for sustainable growth of flexible learning opportunities. Higher Education Pedagogies, 4(1), 1-16.
Bearman, M., Nieminen, J. H., & Ajjawi, R. (2023). Designing assessment in a digital world: an organising framework. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 48(3), 291-304.
Beckingham, S., Beggs, R., Hinton, D., Varg-Atkins, T., and Watson, D. (2023). Modes of Learning: a practice guide. York, Advance HE: Beyond Flexible Learning - practice guide_1669377235.pdf
Bevitt, S. (2015). Assessment innovation and student experience: A new assessment challenge and call for a multi-perspective approach to assessment research. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 40(1), 103-119.
Burnard P, Gill P, Stewart K, Treasure E, & Chadwick B. (2008). Analysing and presenting qualitative data. British Dental Journal, 26; 204(8), 429-32.
Breen R. L. (2006). A practical guide to focus-group research. Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 30(3), 463-75.
Braun V, & Clarke V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
Clarke, V., & Braun, V. (2018). Using thematic analysis in counselling and psychotherapy research: A critical reflection. Counselling and psychotherapy research, 18(2), 107-110.
Carless, D. (2015). Excellence in university assessment: Learning from award-winning practice. London: Routledge.
Cook, A. 2001. Assessing the use of flexible assessment. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 26(6), 539–549
Cowan, M. (2023): Flexible assessment: some benefits and costs for students and instructors, Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, DOI: 10.1080/02602938.2023.2263668
Deneen, C., & Boud, D. (2014). Patterns of resistance in managing assessment change. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 39(5), 577-591.
Elkington, S. (2021). Scaling Up Flexible Assessment. In P. Baughan (Ed.) Assessment and Feedback in a Post-Pandemic Era: a time for learning and inclusion. Advance HE Pedagogic Innovation Series (pp. 31-41).
Elkington, S., & Chesterton, P. (2023). The (dis)continuities of digital transformation in flexible assessment practice: Educator perspectives on what matters most. Studies in Technology Enhanced Learning, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.21428/8c225f6e.ef49a881
Edwards, A. (2020). Playing to their strengths: empowering students with flexible assessment. International Journal of Innovation in Science and Mathematics Education, 28(4), 16-27.
Firth, M., Ball-Smith, J., Burgess, T., Chaffer, C., Finn, G., Guy, M., Hansen, J., Havemann, L., Glover, N., Kingsbury, M., Pazio, M., Penn, J., Trzeciak, F., Shackleford-Cesare, K., Walker, S., Webb, J., (2023) Optionality in Assessment: A cross institutional exploration of the feasibility, practicality & utility of student choices in assessment in UK higher education. Accessed at https://www.qaa.ac.uk/docs/qaa/members/final-report-28th-oct-report-a-summary-of-the-project.pdf?sfvrsn=2961b181_6
Hanesworth, P., Bracken, S., & Elkington, S. (2019). A typology for a social justice approach to assessment: learning from universal design and culturally sustaining pedagogy. Teaching in Higher Education, 24(1), 98-114.
Hanewicz, C., Platt, A., & Arendt, A., (2017) Creating a learner-centred teaching environment using student choice in assignments, Distance Education, 38(3), 273-287
Irons, A., & Elkington, S. (2021). Enhancing learning through formative assessment and feedback. London: Routledge.
Irwin, B., & Hepplestone, S., (2012) Examining increased flexibility in assessment formats, Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 37(7), 773-785
Jopp, R. & Cohen, J. (2020). Choose your own assessment – assessment choice for students in online higher education, Teaching in Higher Education, DOI:10.1080/13562517.2020.1742680.
Kitzinger J. (1995). Qualitative research: introducing focus groups. British Medical 311(7000), 299-302.
Monsen, S., Cook, S., & Hannant, L., (2017) Students as Partners in Negotiated Assessment in a Teacher Education Course, Teaching and Learning Together in Higher Education, 1(21).
Nash, R. A., & Winstone, N. E. (2017). Responsibility-sharing in the giving and receiving of assessment feedback. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 1519.
O’Neill, G., (2017) It’s not fair! Students and staff views on the equity of the procedures and outcomes of students’ choice of assessment methods, Irish Educational Studies, 36(2), 221-236,
O’Neill, G., & Padden, L. (2022). Diversifying assessment methods: Barriers, benefits, and enablers. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 59(4), 398-409: https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2021.1880462.
Rideout, C. A. (2018). Students’ choices and achievement in large undergraduate classes using a novel flexible assessment approach. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 43(1), 68-78.
Smith, C.D., Worsfold, K., Davies, L., Fisher, R. & McPhail, R., (2013). Assessment literacy and student learning: the case for explicitly developing students ‘assessment literacy. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 38(1), 44-60.
Vander Schee, B. A. 2011. “Let Them Decide: Student Performance and Self-selection of Weights Distribution.” Journal of Education for Business, 86, 352–356.
Winstone, N., & Carless, D. (2019). Designing effective feedback processes in higher education: A learning-focused approach. London: Routledge.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:a. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
b. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
c. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).