Learning from Quitting: student engagement in an interprofessional student-led smoking cessation program enhances communication and collaboration.
Abstract
We developed an intervention to facilitate student learning through interprofessional education. Pharmacy students and psychiatry residents worked together in a student-led, real-world smoking cessation clinic. Too often, interprofessional education is delivered in classroom settings, sometimes using simulated patient scenarios with whom students interact as a team. There are few structured activities that involve caring for real patients. Our intention was that students would be more engaged in learning through a collaborative pedagogy that emphasized communication. We used a qualitative methodology to develop, analyze, and explain student learning. Data collection included self-reflections, drawings, and interviews. Our results showed that students and residents learned to help clients quit smoking, how to collaborate as members of interprofessional teams, and how to communicate effectively to and with diverse clients and other professionals. They felt engaged in their learning with each other, and engaged in their learning with the clients from the clinic. They thought that learning in a real world setting went beyond what they could have learned in a classroom setting or even a simulated experience.
Downloads
References
Almendingen, K., Molin, M., & Benth, J. S. (2021). Preparedness for interprofessional learning:An exploratory study among health, social care, and teacher education programs. Journal of Research in Interprofessional Practice and Education, 11.1, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.22230/jripe.2021v11n1a309
Anderson, E. (2010). Learning together in practice; an interprofessional educational programme to appreciate teamwork. Clinical Teacher,7,19-25. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-498x.2009.00331.x
Association of Faculties of Pharmacy of Canada. Educational Outcomes for First Professional Degree Programs in Pharmacy in Canada.; 2017. https://www.afpc.info/node/39
Barr, H. (1998). Competent to collaborative: towards a competency-based model for interprofessional education. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 12, 181-187. https://doi.org/10.3109/13561829809014104
Barr, H., Ford, J., Gray, R., Helme, M., Hutchings, M., Low, H., Machin, A., & Reeves, S. (2017). Interprofessional educational guidelines. Centre for the Advancement of Interprofessional Education. https://www.caipe.org/resources/publications/caipe-publications/caipe-2017-interprofessional-education-guidelines-barr-h-ford-j-gray-r-helme-m-hutchings-m-low-h-machin-reeves-s. ISBN 978-0-9571382-6-1 Accessed online March 22, 2024.
Berwick, D., Nolan, T., & Whittingdon, J. (2008). The triple aim: Care, health, and cost. Health Affairs, 27, 759-769. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.27.3.759
Bransford, J. D., Brown, A. L., & Cocking, R. R. (2000). How people learn: Brain, mind experience, and school. National Academies Press https://doi.org/10.17226/9853
Brashers, V., Phillips, E., Malpass, J., & Owen, J. (2015). Measuring the impact of interprofessional education on Collaborative practice and patient outcomes. The National Acadamies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/21726
Brinkman, S., & Kvale, S. (2015). Interviews: Learning the craft of qualitative research interviewing (3rd Ed.). Sage. https://doi.org/10.1002/nha3.20251
Clark, P.G. (2006). What would a theory of interprofessional education look like? Some suggestions for developing a theoretical framework for teamwork training. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 20(6), 577-589. https://doi.org/10.1080/13561820600916717
Conte H., Scheja M., Hjelmqvist H., & Jinwe M. (2015). Exploring teams of learners becoming “WE” in the intensive care unit: a focused ethnographic study. BMC Medical Education,15, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-015-0414-2
Cox, M., Cuff P., Brandt, B., Reeves, S., & Zierler, B. (2016). Measuring the impact of interprofessional education on collaborative practice and patient outcomes. Journal of Interprofessional Care,30(1), 1-3. https://doi.org/10.3109/13561820.2015.1111052
Creswell, J. (2015). 30 essential skills for the qualitative researcher. Sage.
Drynan, D., & Murphy, S. (2012). Understanding and Facilitating Interprofessional Education: A Guide to Incorporating Interprofessional Experiences into the Practice Education Setting. https://physicaltherapy.med.ubc.ca/files/2012/09/IPE-Guide-2nd-ed.-May-2012.pdf
Frank, J. R., Snell, L., & Sherbino, J. C. (Eds.) (2015). Physician competency framework. Ottawa: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada. ISBN: 978-1-926588-28-5. https://www.royalcollege.ca/en/canmeds/canmeds-framework.html#:~:text=CanMEDS%20is%20a%20framework%20that,of%20all%20seven%20CanMEDS%20Roles.
Girard, M. A. , (2019). Interprofessional collaborative practice and law: A reflective analysis of 14 regulation structures. Journal of Research in Interprofessional Practice and Education, 9(2), 2-12. https://doi.org/10.22230/jripe.2019v9n2a285
Hammer, H., & Vasset, F. P. (2019). Interprofessional Learning in the Simulation Laboratory: Nursing and Pharmacy Students’ Experiences. Journal of Research in Interprofessional Practice and Education, 9(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.22230/jripe.2019v9n1a277
Harden, R.M. (1998). AMEE Guide No. 12. Multiprofessional education: Part 1-Effective multiprofessional education: a three-dimensional perspective. Medical Teacher, 20, 402-408. https://doi.org/10.1080/01421599880472
Health Canada (2001). Social accountability: a vision for Canadian medical schools. Health Canada. https://doi.org/10.15694/mep.2020.000283.1
Holmqvist, M., Courtney, C., Meili, R., & Dick, A. (2012). Student-run clinics: Opportunities for inter-professional education and increasing social accountability. Journal of Research in Interprofessional Practice and Education,2(3), 264-277. https://doi.org/10.22230/jripe.2012v2n3a80
Hood K., Cant R.,Leech M., Baulch J., & Gilbee A.(2014). Trying on the professional self: nursing students’ perceptions of learning about roles, identity, and teamwork in an interprofessional clinical placement. Applied Nursing Research,27(2), 109-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2013.07.003
Jones, L., Fowler, D., Bialocerkowski, A., & Sheeran, N. (2022). Learning how to work in an interprofessional environment: how students transition to allied health professionals working interprofessionally. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 36(3), 419-427. https://doi.org/10.1080/13561820.2021.1950130
Knowles, M. (1980). The modern practice of adult education -From pedagogy to androgogy (revised). Follett Publishing Co.
Kolb, A. Y., & Kolb, D. A. (2005). Learning styles and learning spaces: Enhancing experiential learning in higher education. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 4(2), 193-212. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/AMLE.2005.17268566
Körner, M., Bütof, S., Müller, C., Zimmermann, L., Becker, S., & Bengel, J. (2016). Interprofessional teamwork and team interventions in chronic care: A systematic review. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 30(1), 15–28. https://doi.org/10.3109/13561820.2015.1051616
Lasser, K., Boyd, J.W., Woolhandler, S., Himmelstein, D.U., McCormick, D., & Bor, D. (2000). Smoking and mental illness: A population‐based prevalence study. Journal of the American Medical Association, 284(20), 2606-2610. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.284.20.2606
Lee, C. T., Bristow, M., & Wong, J. C., (2018). Emotional intelligence and teamwork skills among undergraduate engineering and nursing students: A pilot study. Journal of Research in Interprofessional Practice and Education, 8(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.22230/jripe.2018v8n1a260
MacKenzie, A., Craik, C, Tempest, S., Cordingley, K, & Buckingham, I. (2007). Interprofessional learning in practice: The student experience. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 70(8), 358-361. https://doi.org/10.1177/030802260707000806
McKinlay, E., Beckingsale, L., Donovan, S., Darlow, B., Gallagher, P., Gray, B., Neser, H., Perry, M., Pullon, S., & Coleman, K. (2018). Key strategies for first-time interprofessional teachers and those developing new interprofessional education programs. Journal of Research in Interprofessional Practice and Education, 8(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.22230/jripe.2018v8n1a279
Medina, M.S., Plaza, C.M., Stowe, C.D., Robinson, E. T., DeLander, G., Beck, D. E., Melchert, R. B., Supernaw, R. B., Roche, V. F., Gleason, B. L., Strong, M. N., Bain, A., Meyer, G. E., Dong, B. J., Rochon, J., & Johnston, P. (2013). Center for the advancement of pharmacy education 2013 educational outcomes. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 77(8),162. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe778162
Mishoe, S.C., Tufts, K. A., Diggs, L. A., Blando, J. B., Claiborne, D. M., Hoch, J. M., & Walker, M. L. (2018). Health professions students’attitudes toward teamwork before and after an interprofessional education co-curricular experience. Journal of Research in Interprofessional Practice and Education, 8.1, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.22230/jripe.2018v8n1a264
Morra, D., Torgerson, C., & Lowlaw, A. (2012). Canadian medical residency guide, 10th edition. https://www.schulich.uwo.ca/learner-equity wellness/services/Canadian_Medical_Residency_Guide.pdf
Oandasan, I. & Reeves, S. (2005). Key elements for interprofessional education. Part 1: the learner, the educator and the learning context. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 19(sup1), 21-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/13561820500083550
Parsell G., & Bligh, J. (1998). Interprofessional learning. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 74(868), 89-95. https://doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.74.868.89
Piaget, J. (1977). The role of action in the development of thinking. In Knowledge and development (pp. 17–42). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2547-5_2
Pirrie, A., Wilson, V., Elsegood, J., Hamilton, S., Harden, R., Lee, D., & Stead, J. (1998) Evaluating multidisciplinary education in health care. London: Department of Health. ISBN-1-86003-044-0 https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED426212
Prochuska, J.J., Das, S., & Young-Wolff, K.C. (2017).Smoking, mental illness, and public health. Annual Review of Public Health, 38, 165-185. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031816-044618
Reeves, S., Zwarenstein, M., Goldman, J., Barr, H., Freeth, D., Koppel, I., & Hammick, M. (2008). Interprofessional education: Effects on professional practice and health care outcomes. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd002213.pub2
Saldana, J. (2015). The coding manual for qualitative researchers (3rd Ed.). Sage. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/QROM-08-2016-1408
Semple, L., & Currie, G. (2022). “It opened up a whole new world”: An innovative interprofessional learning activity for students caring for children and families. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 3, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2021.100106
Statistics Canada & SC. (2020). Canadian community health survey (cchs): Public use microdata file. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/catalogue/82M0013X
Thomson, K., Outram, S., Gilligan, C., & Levett-Jones, T. (2015). Interprofessional experiences of recent healthcare graduates: A social psychology perspective on the barriers to effective communication, teamwork, and patient-centred care. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 29(6), 634–640. https://doi.org/10.3109/13561820.2015.1040873
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. M. Cole, V. John-Steiner, S. Scribner, & E. Souberman, (Eds.). Harvard University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvjf9vz4
Wang, J. M., & Zorek, J. A. (2016). Deliberate Practice as a Theoretical Framework for Interprofessional Experiential Education. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 7, 188. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00188
World Health Organization. (2010). Framework for Action on Inter-Professional Education and Collaborative Practice.. WHO Press http://www.who.int/hrh/resources/framework_action/en/
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:a. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
b. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
c. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).