Riding the carousel: Examining the intersection of students’ identity and sense of place as factors impacting their attendance and engagement behaviours
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Motivated by lower levels of student attendance on campus than pre-pandemic, this research explored the intersect of student identity and place as dependent factors in student attendance and engagement behaviours; seeking to further understand students’ decision-making process in deciding whether to attend campus.
The paper discusses the findings of a small exploratory research project which, through a participant-led interactive virtual interview, enabled students to talk about things that had influenced their attendance and engagement at university. Students identified that different aspects of their identity and geography were more prominent at certain times of the year, that certain identities were more important to them and that they deprioritized university attendance to attend to these other commitments. All students acknowledged that balancing these competing demands was a struggle and that their engagement had negatively suffered due to other factors. The key findings from the research are presented as composite case studies. These are also offered as audio clips to allow the characters to tell their stories. Speaking about the sense of juggling competing demands, feeling like an outsider (both geographically and to the “student” role), the motivation to accommodate university into an already complex and demanding life load and the desire to maintain a sense of connectedness to their home, family, and sense of authentic self.
The findings highlight the divergence in the non-traditional student group and the practical decision-making process students employ when trying to balance their competing identities and making authentic choices aligned with their identities. It celebrates the autonomy they have as adult learners and poses questions for institutions as to whether more can be done to accommodate and meet students where they are, acknowledging the student role may not be the default or dominant identity these individuals occupy.
Keywords: Student Engagement, Identity, Geography, Place, Lifeload, Non-traditional student
Downloads
References
References
Arulampalam, W., Naylor, R.A. and Smith, J., 2012. Am I missing something? The effects of absence from class on student performance. Economics of Education review, 31(4), pp.363-375.
Brenner, P.S., Serpe, R.T. and Stryker, S., 2014. The causal ordering of prominence and salience in identity theory: An empirical examination. Social psychology quarterly, 77(3), pp.231-252.
Chow, K. and Healey, M., 2008. Place attachment and place identity: First-year undergraduates making the transition from home to university. Journal of Environmental psychology, 28(4), pp.362-372.
Clay, T. & Breslow, L., 2006. Why Students Don’t Attend Class. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Faculty Newsletter 18(4). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Available online: http://web.mit.edu/fnl/volume/184/breslow.html [Accessed 21st August 2022].
Collier, P.J., 2000. The effects of completing a capstone course on student identity. Sociology of Education, pp.285-299.
Cross Jr, W. E. (1981). Black families and Black identity development: Rediscovering the distinction between self-esteem and reference group orientation. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 12(1), 19-49.
Davis, J., 2012. The first generation student experience: Implications for campus practice, and strategies for improving persistence and success. Stylus Publishing, LLC..
Feldman, J., 2013. Should university lectures be compulsory. The Guardian. Available online: https://www.theguardian.com/education/mortarboard/2013/mar/14/should-university-lectures-be-compulsory [Accessed 25/8/22].
Fredricks, J.A., Blumenfeld, P.C. and Paris, A.H., 2004. School engagement: Potential of the concept, state of the evidence. Review of educational research, 74(1), pp.59-109.
Hews, R., McNamara, J. and Nay, Z., 2022. Prioritising lifeload over learning load: Understanding post-pandemic student engagement. Journal of University Teaching & Learning Practice, 19(2), pp.128-146.
Holdsworth, C., 2009. Between two worlds: local students in higher education and ‘scouse’/student identities. Population, Space and Place, 15(3), pp.225-237.
Jenkins, R., 2008. Social identity.
Kahu, E.R., 2013. Framing student engagement in higher education. Studies in higher education, 38(5), pp.758-773.
Kasworm, C.E., 2010. Adult learners in a research university: Negotiating undergraduate student identity. Adult Education Quarterly, 60(2), pp.143-160.
Kottasz, R., 2005. Reasons for student non-attendance at lectures and tutorials: an analysis. Investigations in university teaching and learning, 2(2), pp.5-16.
Krause, K.L., 2005. Understanding and promoting student engagement in university learning communities. Paper presented as keynote address: Engaged, Inert or Otherwise Occupied, pp.21-22.
Laverie, D.A. and Arnett, D.B., 2000. Factors affecting fan attendance: The influence of identity salience and satisfaction. Journal of leisure Research, 32(2), pp.225-246.
Leathwood, C. and O'connell, P., 2003. ‘It's a struggle’: the construction of the ‘new student’ in higher education. J. Education Policy, 18(6), pp.597-615.
Levinson, D. J., Darrow, C. N., Klein, E. B., Levinson, M. H., & McKee, B. (1978). The seasons of a man's life. New York: AlfredA.
Longhurst, R.J., 1999. Why aren't they here? Student absenteeism in a further education college. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 23(1), pp.61-80.
Lund Dean, K. and Jolly, J.P., 2012. Student identity, disengagement, and learning. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 11(2), pp.228-243.
Marginson, S., & Sawir, E. (2005). Interrogating global flows in higher education. Globalisation, Societies and Education, 3(3), 281-309.
McCall, L., 2005. The complexity of intersectionality. Signs: Journal of women in culture and society, 30(3), pp.1771-1800.
McDonald, S., 2021. ‘She’s like,“you’re a uni student now”’: The influence of mother–daughter relationships on the constructions of learner identities of first-in-family girls. In Reimagining the higher education student (pp. 27-44). Routledge.
Mead, G.H. and Schubert, C., 1934. Mind, self and society (Vol. 111). Chicago: University of Chicago press.
Menendez Alvarez-Hevia, D., Lord, J. and Naylor, S., 2021. Why don’t they attend? Factors that influence the attendance of HE students of education. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 45(8), pp.1061-1075.
Neves, J., & Hewitt, R. (2021). Student Academic Experience Survey, 2021. Higher Education Policy Institute.
Nguyen, T.H. and Nguyen, B.M.D., 2018. Is the “first-generation student” term useful for understanding inequality? The role of intersectionality in illuminating the implications of an accepted—yet unchallenged—term. Review of Research in Education, 42(1), pp.146-176.
Orbe, M.P., 2004. Negotiating multiple identities within multiple frames: an analysis of first‐generation college students. Communication education, 53(2), pp.131-149.
Orbe, M.P., 2008. Theorizing multidimensional identity negotiation: Reflections on the lived experiences of first‐generation college students. New directions for child and adolescent development, 2008(120), pp.81-95.
O'Shea, S., 2015. Arriving, surviving, and succeeding: First-in-family women and their experiences of transitioning into the first year of university. Journal of College Student Development, 56(5), pp.499-517.
O’Sullivan, S., McMahon, L., Moore, G., Nititham, D.S., Slevin, A., Kelly, C. and Wixted, L., 2015. “I Did Not Miss Any, Only When I Had a Valid Reason” Accounting for Absences from Sociology Classes. Teaching Sociology, 43(1), pp.15-26.
Patfield, S., Gore, J. and Fray, L., 2020. Degrees of “being first”: toward a nuanced understanding of first-generation entrants to higher education. Educational Review, pp.1-20.
Patfield, S., Gore, J. and Fray, L., 2021. Reframing first-generation entry: how the familial habitus shapes aspirations for higher education among prospective first-generation students. Higher Education Research & Development, 40(3), pp.599-612.
Reeve, J. and Tseng, C.M., 2011. Agency as a fourth aspect of students’ engagement during learning activities. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 36(4), pp.257-267.
Stryker, S. and Serpe, R.T., 1982. Commitment, identity salience, and role behavior: Theory and research example. In Personality, roles, and social behavior (pp. 199-218). Springer, New York, NY.
Sloan, D., Manns, H., Mellor, A. and Jeffries, M., 2020. Factors influencing student non-attendance at formal teaching sessions. Studies in Higher Education, 45(11), pp.2203-2216.
Sykes, G., 2021. Dispelling the myth of the ‘traditional’ university undergraduate student in the UK. In Reimagining the Higher Education Student (pp. 79-96). Routledge.
Tajfel, H., Turner, J.C., Austin, W.G. and Worchel, S., 1979. An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. Organizational identity: A reader, 56(65), pp.9780203505984-16.
Williams, T., 2022. Class attendance plummets post COVID. Times Higher Education. Available online: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/class-attendance-plummets-post-covid[Accessed on 21st September 2022].
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:a. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
b. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
c. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).